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enemy king as if you are climbing a staircase. techniques we have already seen: hiding
The next game demonstrates how effective behind the enemy pawns, a king march,
this way of approaching can be. supporting your passed pawn, threatening to
transpose into a pawn ending, threatening the
enemy king.
Still, there is even one more new element to be
+ + + +
added: snatching the weak enemy pawns.
1...Qf6! 2.Qh7 Kf4! 3.Kd3? [3.Qd3 is met by
+ + + +
the centralizing 3...Qe5] 3...Qa6+ [3...Qe6 is
also strong.] 4.Kd2 Qa2+ 5.Ke1 Qa1+ 6.Ke2
+ + + +
Qb2+ 7.Kf1 Qc1+ 8.Ke2 If 8.Kg2 then
+ + + + 8...Qd2+ 9.Kg1 (9.Kf1 Kg3 10.Qc7+ Qf4+-+)
9...Kg3!? (9...d4; 9...Qd4+) 10.Qc7+ Kxh3
+ + +
11.Qh7+ Kg3 12.Qc7+ Qf4 13.Qc3+ Kxg4
winning. 8...Qe3+ 9.Kd1 [9.Kf1 Kg3] 9...Kg3
+ + + +
and now White is helpless, for when his queen
moves from the h-file he will lose both his
+ +
pawns. The remaining moves were 10.Qh6 d4
11.Qh7 d3 12.Qc7+ Kg2 0-1
+ + +Q+
It is interesting that in Yusupov-Gerusel,
Moscow 1981, a fairly similar queen ending
1...Qb7+ 2.Kh2 Qc7+ 3.Kh1 [3.Kg2 Qg3+
arose (with colours reversed) which was also
4.Kh1 Qf3+] 3...Qc6+ 4.Kh2 Qd6+ 5.Kh1
won by Yusupov. See p.186 of Beliavsky and
Qd5+ 6.Kh2 Qe5+ 7.Kh1 Qe4+ 8.Kh2 Qf4+
Mikhalchishin's Winning Endgame Strategy
9.Kh1 Qf3+ Black has reached his optimum
(Batsford 2000).
position whilst climbing his 'staircase'. 10.Kh2
For the interested trainer/reader this book
and now the coup de grace is delivered by
contains many more practical examples of
means of Zugzwang: 10...Ke7! 11.Qg2
queen endings (and all other endings).
To recapitulate what we have seen so far:
- Passed pawns are often more
important than material. (In queen
+ + + +
endings a queen can support a passed
pawn all by herself - as opposed to
+ +Q
say a rook)
- Safety or vulnerability of the king can
+
be decisive (think of mate, stalemate
+ + +
and perpetual check)
- The stronger side can often transfer
+ + + +
into a pawn ending.
- A king march is a useful technique (to
+ + +
threaten mate, to support a passed
pawn, to win pawns or even to hide
+ + +
behind enemy pawns)
- Activity and piece cooperation are
+ + + +
vital.
I will end this article by two longer examples
15.g4+! Black has counterplay after 15.Qxc7
where many of these issues return. First a
Kh4. 15...Kg5 16.Qxc7 White is winning by
deservedly famous example with Maroczy
now, but Maroczy still demonstrates some
behind the white pieces.
more impressive technique. 16...Kf4 17.Qxb7
Qh1 18.Qb4+! Kxf3 19.Qxd6 Kxg4 20.c4!
White wins due to this passed pawn. Less
+ + +
clear is 20.Qxf6 Qd5. 20...e4 21.c5 f5 [21...e3?
22.Qd4+] 22.c6 Qh8+ [22...e3 23.Qd4+ Qe4
+ +
24.Qxe4+ fxe4 25.c7 e2 26.c8Q++-] 23.c3 e3
24.Qg6+! White wins after 24.c7 e2 25.Qg6+!
+ +
(but 25.Qe6? e1Q 26.Qxe1 Qh2+ is only a
draw.) 24...Kf4 25.c7 e2 26.Qe6 Kf3 The only
+ + + +
move as 26...Qh2 fails to 27.Qd6+. 27.Qxf5+
By now the win becomes simple. 27...Kg2
+ + + +
28.Qg4+ Kf2 29.Qf4+ Kg2 30.Qe3 Kf1
31.Qf3+ Ke1 32.Qf4 [Or 32.Qf5 Kd2 33.Qd7+
+ + +
(33.c8Q+-) 33...Ke3 34.c8Q Qxc8 35.Qxc8
+ Q e1Q 36.Qe8+ Kf2 37.Qxe1++-] 32...Qc8
33.Qd6 Kf2 34.Qd8 e1Q 35.Qxc8 Qd2+
+ + + +
36.Ka3 Qc1+ 37.Ka4 Qf4+ 38.c4 1-0
(Maroczy - Marshall, Carlsbad, 1907)
1.Qh4! Note that White's king is a lot safer
than Black's and that White's queen is more
+ + + +
active. Material is equal though and there are
no passed pawns yet. 1...Kg7 2.Qg4+ Kf7
+ + Q +
3.Qh5+ Kg7 4.Qe8 Qe2! Marshall defends
well aiming for activity. 5.Qe7+ Kg6 6.Qf8! + + +
[6.Qxc7 Qxg2 7.Qxb7 Qxh2 and Black has a
+ + + +
passed pawn.] 6...e5 [6...Qxg2? 7.Qg8+; 6...f5
7.h4! e5 8.h5+ Kg5 9.h6!+-] 7.Qg8+ Kh6
+ + +
8.Qf8+ Kg6 9.Qg8+ Kh6 10.h4! Qf2 [10...d5
11.g4 Qxf3 12.g5+ Kh5 13.Qxh7+ Kg4 14.g6
+ + +
d4 15.cxd4 exd4 16.Qxc7+-] 11.Qf8+ Kg6
12.h5+ Kxh5 13.Qg7! With the exchange of
+ +
the h-pawns Maroczy stresses the safety of
his own king as opposed to Marshall's.
+ + + +
13...Qd2 13...f5 14.Qxh7+ Kg5 when both
15.Qxc7 (Nunn) and 15.Qg7+ Kf4 16.Qh6+
Kg3 17.Qg5+ Kh2 18.g4 (Euwe) favour White.
14.Qxh7+ Qh6
White's passed pawn is only two steps away
from promotion. The first question is whether
Black has a perpetual:
1...Qf3+ 2.Kg1 Qg4+ 3.Kf2 Qf4+ 4.Ke2 Qg4+!
The greedy 4...Qxh2+? allows the king to
escape, for example 5.Kf3 Qh3+ 6.Kf4 Qh2+
7.Kf5 Qh3+ 8.Ke5 Qg3+ 9.Ke6 and wins.
5.Ke3 Qg5+ The only move to draw. So as not
to allow the king to escape the corresponding
squares for the white king and the black queen
are: e3-g5, e2-g4 and e1-h4. Piket now
repeats moves before deciding (after the time
control at move 60) whether to make a final
winning attempt by giving up the d4-pawn.
6.Kf3 Qf5+ 7.Kg3 Qg5+ 8.Kh3 Qh5+ 9.Kg3
Qg5+ 10.Kh3 Qh5+ 11.Kg2 Qg4+ 12.Kf2
Qf4+ 13.Ke1 Qh4+ 14.Ke2 Qg4+ 15.Kd2!
This is worth a try. Black can still go wrong.
15...Qxd4+ 16.Kc1
+ + + +
+ + Q +
+ + +
+ + + +
+ + +
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
16...Qf4+ Black can also draw by means of
16...c3 17.bxc3 Qxc3+ 18.Kd1 but he has to
display some accuracy: 18...Qd4+ 19.Ke2
Qg4+ 20.Ke3 d4+! 21.Kd3 Qf5+ 22.Kxd4 Qd5+
23.Ke3 Qg5+! and now White cannot use the
king march because of mate: 24.Ke4 Qg4+
25.Ke5 Qg5+ 26.Ke4= (26.Kd6?? Qd5#;
26.Ke6?? Qd5#). So interestingly after White
has given up pawn d4 Black can give up pawn
d5 to guarantee the draw. 17.Kc2 Qf5+
17...Qxh2+ 18.Kc3 d4+ 19.Kxc4 Qxb2 also
draws.(as does 19...Qc2+). 18.Kc3 Qd3+
19.Kb4 Qd4 More risky, but still sufficient is
19...c3 20.Kc5! cxb2 (20...c2? 21.Kd6+-)
21.Qe8+ Kc7 22.Qxc6+ Kd8 23.Qb6+ Ke8!
24.Qxb2 Qe3+!. 20.Ka5 [20.f7?? Qxb2+
21.Kc5 Qxa3+-+] 20...Qxb2 and finally White
can do nothing more than repeat moves:
21.Qf8+ Kc7 [21...Kb7?? 22.Qb4++-] 22.Qe7+
Kc8 23.Qf8+ ½-½
(Piket - Bosch, Amsterdam, 1996) [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]